Task One:
Cervical cancer is the cancer of the cervix which is a part of a woman’s reproductive system. Cancer begins in cells that make up tissues. Normally, cells grow and multiply to form new cells. When cells become old, they die. Sometimes, this process goes wrong and new cells form when the body doesn’t need them, and old cells don’t die when they should. These extra cells would be called tumors.
Doctors can’t tell why one woman develops cervical cancer and others don’t. Studies have found risk factors that make it more likely to have this disease. They are, HPVs, lack of regular Pap tests, weakened immune system, or age. It could be from smoking cigarettes, using birth pills for 5 or more years, having many children. Also if a woman had many sexual partners or if she had sexual intercourse with a man who had many sexual partners, that would lead to cervical cancer.
Some of the symptoms when cervical cancer gets worse are, bleeding that occurs between regular menstrual periods, menstrual periods that last longer and are heavier than before, bleeding after menopause, increase vaginal discharge, and more. It’s important to see a doctor before you feel the pain. To diagnose cervical cancer, the doctor may use a colposcope to look at the cervix. Or, he may use biopsy to remove tissues and to look at precancerous cells or cancer cells. The doctor may use punch biopsy, endocervical curettage, or conization.
Unwanted side effects are common because cancer treatment damages healthy cells and tissues. Side effects may not be the same for each woman. Radiotherapy for cervical cancer will stop women from being able to have children in the future. Also, women who have had their menopause may feel less feminine.
Task Two:Cancer is caused by a genetic disorder, damaged genes, and a virus associated with cancer (HPV.) Cancer is when many cells of diseases grow and divide at a rapid rate, and destroys surrounding living body tissues. There are many different types of cancer including: Skin cancer, Lung cancer, Brain cancer, Breast cancer, Prostate cancer, Colon cancer, Ovarian cancer, Leukemia, Lymphoma, and many others. Vaccines are made to stimulate the immune system to create an immunity to a specific target in the vaccine. Cancer vaccines are different from regular vaccines, which try to prevent diseases. Cancer vaccines are made to treat the existing disease, and have the body’s immune system destroy cancer cells. Cancer vaccines represent a new possible way of cancer therapy. A therapy that seeks to get a hold of the body’s own immune systems or defenses, and to fight the uncontrolled growth and spread of cancer cells. The cancer vaccine would stimulate the growth of the immune system, and have immune cells attack and destroy cancer cells within the body. There is a protein found in all major cancer cells called telomerase. This protein has proven to stimulate immune cells, which are able to kill many human cancer cells in a test tube, and slow tumor growth. This protein might be the start of a possible cancer vaccine. This protein is not strong enough on its own to destroy cancer. It could be possible though; if the protein was altered and or combined with other antigens to create a strong cancer vaccine. Scientist are using ribonucleic acid (RNA) to make cells produce proteins such as telomerase that would be able to fight cancer cells. The cancer vaccine would possibly include cancer cells, parts of cells, antigens, and proteins,
Task Three:
This product has started a new way to treat cancer patients, and starting a whole new product and system. This product will show how a vaccine can be very powerful with just one dosage, and be able to make more and more efficent vaccines with less